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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: global temperatures have risen between 0.23F (0.13C) and 0.34F (0.19C) per decade Evidence: Between 1993 and 2017, the global mean sea level rose on average by 3.1 ± 0.3 mm...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: However the warming trend is slower than most climate models have forecast Evidence: The general public had little awareness of carbon dioxide's effects on climate, but Sci...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: In 1990 the United Nation’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predicted that temperatures would rise by 0.54F (0.3C) per decade. Evidence: Models referenced ...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: In its 5th assessment report in 2013, the IPCC estimated that human emissions are probably responsible for more than half of the observed increase in global average tempera...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: But it means a chunk of the rise is coming from elsewhere. Evidence: If lowercase, the chunk may be safely copied regardless of the extent of modifications to the file. Opt...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: at the end of recent ice ages, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere started to rise only after temperatures began to climb. Evidence: Increases in atmosphe...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: But by far the largest greenhouse gas is water vapour, which makes 95 per cent of the total. Evidence: For example, methane and carbon monoxide (CO) are oxidized to give ca...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: CO2 is not powerful in that sense, the only thing it does in the system is make the planet greener. Evidence: Captain Pollution is weakened when he is in contact with pure ...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: it’s virtually impossible to get funded for work that disputes climate change through other channels [other than oil companies] Evidence: "Dirty Money, Oil Companies and Sp...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: One of the main areas of contention is the existence of two strange climate episodes known as The Medieval Warm Period (MWP) and the Little Ice Age. Evidence: The Little Ic...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: The MWP lasted from about 950 to 1250AD, and temperature records appear to show it was even hotter than today Evidence: The Medieval Warm Period (MWP) also known as the Med...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: But the period has caused a headache for climate scientists because clearly there was no upswell in carbon dioxide that could account for such swift warming. Evidence: The ...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: in 1995 one scientist at the IPCC – Jonathan Overpeck – wrote an email to a colleague claiming ‘we have to get rid of the Medieval Warm Period.’ Evidence: The IPCC Second A...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: it later emerged that its creator Dr Michael Mann had spliced too [sic] datasets together – tree-rings showing temperatures going back hundreds of years, then recent thermo...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: The IPCC no longer includes the ‘Hockey stick’ chart in its reports. Evidence: Besides the Sixth Assessment Report, to be completed in 2022, the IPCC released the Special R...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: Yet a study published just this week, by the Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research in Bergen, Norway, found that the natural climate system can change abruptly, without the ...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: Some scientists believe that solar activity is more likely to influence today’s climate than carbon dioxide, and Dr Soon has compiled data showing temperature in America, C...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: The melting ice has led to global sea level rise of around eight inches since reliable record keeping began in 1880. Evidence: Since the last glacial maximum about 20,000 y...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: until temperature increases began to slow down after 1998 and remained relatively stable for a period of 15 years Evidence: Currently, surface temperatures are rising by ab...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: In one particularly damning email, CRU director Phil Jones said he had used ‘Mike’s Nature trick’ to ‘hide the decline’ in temperatures in the second half of the 20th centu...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: The panel was forced to retract a statement in its 2007 report saying all Himalayan glaciers could melt entirely by 2035. Evidence: Two errors include the melting of Himala...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: The figure traditionally cited that suggests 97 per cent of climate scientists agree that global warming is man-made was also found to be flawed. Evidence: Several research...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: Climate skeptics argue temperature records have been adjusted in recent years to make the past appear cooler and the present warmer, although the Carbon Brief showed that N...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: When the measuring equipment gets old and needs replacing, it often requires re-calibration. Evidence: ISO9000 and most other standards specify a maximum period of around 1...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: A global network of 500 scientists and professionals has prepared this urgent message. Evidence: TIEMS is a Global Forum for Education, Training, Certification and Policy i...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: The Little Ice Age ended as recently as 1850. Evidence: (2012) state that cold summers and ice growth began abruptly between 1275 and 1300, followed by "a substantial inten...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: Only very few peer-reviewed papers even go so far as to say that recent warming is chiefly anthropogenic. Evidence: In the scientific literature, there is an overwhelming c...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: In addition, [climate models] ignore the fact that enriching the atmosphere with CO2 is beneficial Evidence: These include carbon dioxide (chemical formula: CO 2), methane ...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: There is no statistical evidence that global warming is intensifying[…] floods Evidence: "Increasing magnitudes of [global] warming increase the likelihood of severe, perva...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: There is no statistical evidence that global warming is intensifying[…] droughts Evidence: more intense droughts and tropical cyclones) are more uncertain. Options: ["REFUT...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: For instance, wind turbines kill birds and insects, and palm-oil plantations destroy the biodiversity of the rainforests Evidence: Forests support biodiversity, providing h...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: [data] show only slight warming, mostly at night and in winter Evidence: Consequently, summers are 2.3 °C (4 °F) warmer in the Northern Hemisphere than in the Southern Hemi...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: there has been no systematic increase in the frequency of extreme weather events, Evidence: This causes a variety of secondary effects, namely, changes in patterns of preci...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: Let’s find out by comparing the actual temperatures since 1979 with what the 32 families of climate models used in the latest U.N. report on climate science predicted they ...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: Globally averaged thermometers show two periods of warming since 1900: a half-degree from natural causes in the first half of the 20th century, before there was an increase...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: The first adjustment changed how the temperature of the ocean surface is calculated, by replacing satellite data with drifting buoys and temperatures in ships’ water intake...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: But each serial adjustment has tended to make the early years colder, which increases the warming trend. Evidence: The RSS satellite temperature record showed a slight cool...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: Shelters in poorer countries are not repainted as often, and darker stations absorb more of the sun’s energy. Evidence: Darker colours were originally used but, as the year...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: temperatures were 6-10C above normal over most of France, Germany and northern Spain during the final days of the month, according to C3S. Evidence: Temperatures can be 4 °...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: Rapid assessment of average temperatures in France between 26-28 June showed a “substantial” increase in the likelihood of the heatwave happening as a result of human-cause...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: Heatwaves occur in any climate, but we know that heatwaves are becoming much more likely due to climate change. Evidence: The effects of climate change on human systems, mo...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: While members of the media may nod along to such claims [about changes in weather extremes], the evidence paints a different story Evidence: As noted, clear and compelling ...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: They concluded that trends toward rising climate damages were mainly due to increased population and economic activity in the path of storms, that it was not currently poss...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: Globally there’s no clear evidence of trends and patterns in extreme events such as droughts, hurricanes and floods. Evidence: The extremes of this climate pattern's oscill...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: There’s no trend in hurricane-related flooding in the U.S. Evidence: Widespread heavy rainfall contributed to significant inland flooding from Louisiana into Arkansas. Opti...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: Nor is there evidence of an increase in floods globally. Evidence: The increase in global freshwater flow, based on data from 1994 to 2006, was about 18%. Options: ["REFUTE...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: Since 1965, more parts of the U.S. have seen a decrease in flooding than have seen an increase. Evidence: When this turns to rain, it tends to come in heavy downpours poten...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: And from 1940 to today, flood damage as a percentage of GDP has fallen to less than 0.05 per cent per year from about 0.2 per cent. Evidence: According to the recent estima...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: The bottom line is there’s no solid connection between climate change and the major indicators of extreme weather Evidence: This is especially true for smaller (seasonal an...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: This requires us to work towards avoiding catastrophic possibilities rather than looking at probabilities, as learning from mistakes is not an option when it comes to exist...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: With that in mind, they propose a plausible and terrifying “2050 scenario” whereby humanity could face irreversible collapse in just three decades. Evidence: Chalmers' argu...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: Their analysis calculates the existential climate-related security risk to Earth through a scenario set 30 years into the future. Evidence: They analyze the past 30 years o...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: North America suffers extreme weather events including wildfires, drought, and heatwaves. Evidence: The drought and heat wave combined to make wild fires inevitable. Option...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: Monsoons in China fail, the great rivers of Asia virtually dry up, and rainfall in central America falls by half. Evidence: The monsoon accounts for 80% of the rainfall in ...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: The knock-on consequences affect national security, as the scale of the challenges involved, such as pandemic disease outbreaks, are overwhelming. Evidence: These high-prio...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: Armed conflicts over resources may become a reality, and have the potential to escalate into nuclear war. Evidence: The Soviets suppressed the Hungarian Revolution of 1956,...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: By 2050 there’s a scientific consensus that we reached the tipping point for ice sheets in Greenland and the West Antarctic Evidence: Both the Greenland ice sheet and Antar...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: Like countless other organ­isms, we move and adapt when the environment changes. Evidence: Although there is no universal agreement on the definition of life, scientists ge...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: when 3 per cent of total annual global emissions of carbon dioxide are from humans and Australia prod­uces 1.3 per cent of this 3 per cent, then no amount of emissions redu...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: If we halve the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere, all life dies. Evidence: By volume, dry air contains 78.09% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.04% carbon dio...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: for thousands of millions of years the Earth has been changing, with cycles­ and one-off events such as an asteroid impact, super-volcano or a supernova explosion. Evidence...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: The amount of energy used to construct solar and wind facilities is greater than they produce in their working lives. Evidence: The energy can be generated from a variety o...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: “As soon as renewables were introduced into the grid, electric­ity prices increased and delivery became unreliable. Evidence: Electrical energy is stored during times when ...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: Renew­ables such as wind turbines are environmentally disastrous because they pollute a huge land area, slice and dice birds and bats, kill insects that are bird food, crea...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: We have also been told the problem is DEFINITELY NOT a billions-year-old planet running through cycles where the temperature might fluctuate a bit. Evidence: This is predic...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: there were no ice sheets covering either Greenland or West Antarctica, and much of the East Antarctic ice sheet was gone. Evidence: West Antarctica is covered by the West A...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: a study that totally debunks the whole concept of man-made Global Warming Evidence: (2012) concluded that human activities had likely led to a warming of extreme daily mini...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: nothing we can do to stop the Earth’s naturally occurring climate cycles. Evidence: The next ice age may be virtually upon us – a natural 100,000 year cycle which we are ac...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: Climate Change ‘Heat Records’ Are a Huge Data Manipulation Evidence: The study of contemporary climates incorporates meteorological data accumulated over many years, such a...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: The idea that climate change is producing heat records across the Earth is among the most egregious manipulations of data in the absurd global warming debate. Evidence: Att...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: On Feb. 7, several major newspapers carried stories of the declaration by NASA and NOAA that the past five years have been the warmest on record. Evidence: Consistent with ...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: Actual weather records over the past 100 years show no correlation between rising carbon dioxide levels and local temperatures. Evidence: Correlation of CO 2 and temperatur...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: as time progresses and fossil fuel emissions increase, the number of record highs should increase and record lows should decrease. Evidence: The 10th Emissions Gap Report i...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: From 1970 until 1998 there was a warming period that raised temperatures by about 0.7 F that helped spawn the global warming alarmist movement. Evidence: Currently, surface...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: describes a world of worsening food shortages and wildfires, and a mass die-off of coral reefs as soon as 2040 Evidence: During this period, 19 percent of coral reefs world...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: But the heads of small island nations, fearful of rising sea levels, had also asked scientists to examine the effects of 2.7 degrees of warming. Evidence: Sopoaga said in h...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: International Energy Agency, a global analysis organization, “continue to see a role for coal for the foreseeable future.” Evidence: This publication on renewable energy – ...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: Duffy pointed out that his chart was from a single tide gauge station, near San Francisco, and that sea levels rise at different rates around the world Evidence: As the gre...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: Climate scientists use the 20th-century average as a benchmark for global temperature measurements. Evidence: Climate is the long-term average of weather, typically average...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: It’s also a sufficiently long period to include several cycles of climate variability. Evidence: Another longer-term near-millennial oscillation involves the Dansgaard-Oesc...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: NOAA’s analysis found last month was the 3rd-warmest April on record globally. Evidence: Understanding and describing Earth systems through research and analysis of that da...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: The unusual heat was most noteworthy in Europe, which had its warmest April on record, and Australia, which had its second-warmest. Evidence: "Australia's extreme heat is s...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: For the year-to-date, the Earth is seeing its 5th-warmest start to the year. Evidence: Earth's increasing surface temperature will accelerate the inorganic carbon cycle, re...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: There is no empirical evidence that increasing greenhouse gases are the primary cause of Global Warming Evidence: In the scientific literature, there is an overwhelming con...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: “Today climate scientists are obsessed with the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, a very very small part of the overall picture. Evidence: At the global level, atm...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: Carbon dioxide is a trace gas.” Evidence: It occurs naturally in Earth's atmosphere as a trace gas. Options: ["REFUTES", "NOT_ENOUGH_INFO", "SUPPORTS"]
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: It’s not carbon dioxide, it’s not methane… Scientists estimate that somewhere between 75% and 90% of Earth greenhouse effect is caused by water vapor in clouds.” Evidence: ...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: “Every day, nature puts twenty times as much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere as all of Earth industries. Evidence: The coal industry damages the environment, including b...
SUPPORTS
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: So it’s clear now we’re not seeing dangerous global warming, and the climate models are wrong. Evidence: Tipping points are "perhaps the most ‘dangerous’ aspect of future c...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: If we double atmospheric carbon dioxide[…] we’d only raise global surface temperatures by about a degree Celsius. Evidence: Increases in atmospheric concentrations of CO 2 ...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: The idea that the much smaller carbon dioxide cycle is now controlling the water cycle is not very likely. Evidence: At higher temperatures, CO 2 has poor solubility in wat...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: “So the bottom line of all this is that climate change is natural, not man-made. Evidence: (2012) stated that a combination of natural weather variability and human-induced...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: Man-made greenhouse gases play only an insignificant role.” Evidence: Human activity since the Industrial Revolution has increased the amount of greenhouse gases in the atm...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: Climate scientists are telling us it’s likely we’re going to be in for a period of cooling. Evidence: Global warming is the long-term rise in the average temperature of the...
REFUTES
Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: temperatures rise and they fall, and they rise and they fall… and for the last 400 years we’ve had a gentle warming as we’ve been coming out of the little ice age. Evidence...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: Temperatures cooled from about 1940 to 1975, and then they rose from about ’75 to about 2005 or so, and since then they’ve been flat or cooling. Evidence: In fact the lowes...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: “So now we’re able to explain from natural factors how we’ve had the 20th Century warming. Evidence: The average global temperature on Earth has increased by about 0.8° Cel...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: This is the South Pole ice, 90% of Earth’s ice, and it’s getting thicker. Evidence: It is estimated there is at least 600 million tons of ice at the north pole in sheets of...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: According to NASA, the globally averaged temperature of the land and ocean was 0.9˚C (1.62˚F) above the 20th century average. Evidence: The average global temperature on Ea...
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Task: Based on the given claim and evidence, determine the relationship between the claim and evidence. Choose one of following the options. Claim: La Niñas, on the other hand, feature cooler than average waters in the Pacific Evidence: Surface water temperatures in the Pacific can vary from −1.4 °C (29.5 °F), the free...
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